PMP考试每日一题 —— 4月
Robin 4/1/2020 PMP每日一题
# 2020-04-01
题目:
A new warehouse is ready for operations. Before operations begin, the project manager must
prepare the final project report. What should the project manager refer to?
A. Lessons learned, project charter, and work breakdown structure (WBS)
B. Project baselines,accepted deliverables, and earned value (EV)
C. Checklists, responsibility assignment matrix(RAM), and risk management plan
D. Accepted deliverables, lessons learned, and transition criteria
一个新的仓库准备好运营。运营开始之前,项目经理必须准备最终项目报告。项目经理应该查阅哪些文件?
A.经验教训、项目章程和工作分解结构(WBS)
B.项目基准、已验收的可交付成果和挣值(EV)
C.核对表、责任分配矩阵(RAM)和风险管理计划
D.已验收的可交付成果、经验教训和移交标准
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答案:
答案:D
解析:四个参考答案中,作为项目转入运营之前的最终报告,最好的内容是参考答案D。
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# 2020-04-02
题目:
A project manager finalizes a project scope statement and realizes it is similar to one
completed last year. Based on last year's project, what should the project manager reuse?
A. Project charter
B. Risk management plan
C. Project budget
D. Work breakdown structure (WBS)
项目经理最终确定项目范围说明书,并意识到该项目与去年完成的一个项目类似。根据去年的项目,项目经理应该重复利用下列哪一项?
A.项目章程
B.风险管理计划
C.项目预算
D.工作分解结构(WBS)
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答案:
答案:D
解析:本题属于组织过程资产的应用,在确定范围说明书如果可以确定与过去项目类似,
接下来的WBS则可以参照和利用过往的模板。虽然A、B参考答案中,项目章程和项目管理计划也属于组织过程资产,但是题意说明当前结点是在确定范围说明书后,即章程也已经完成了;而项目管理计划则范围太大,最切合题意的是参考答案D。
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# 2020-04-03
题目:
After a product is released for user acceptance testing, several defects are found. This
results in the product being rejected by the customer,What should the project manager do next?
A. Review the quality management plan using the defect analysis acceptance testing, and
update if necessary.
B. Advise the customer that the defects are within the product tolerance limits outlined in the
quality management plan.
C. Meet with the project team to review the product's requirement specifications.
D. Hold a project team meeting to identify the problems, the time of the occurrence, and why it
occurred.
在一个产品发布用于用户验收测试后,发现了几个缺陷。这导致产品被客户拒收。项目经理下一步应该怎么做?
A.审查质量管理计划时应用缺陷分析验收测试(标准),并在必要时更新。
B.通知客户,缺陷在质量管理计划中概述的产品公差范围内。
C.与项目团队开会审查产品的需求规范。
D.召开项目团队会议,识别问题、发生的时间以及为什么会发生。
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答案:
答案:D
解析:遇到问题首先分析问题、识别原因、然后解决问题。
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# 2020-04-07
题目:
Midway through a project's execution phase, a team member proposes changes to provide
more flexibility and additional features. Project requirements define only the need for a simple
solution that is less flexible. Implementing these changes will result in a delay. What should the
project manager do?
A. Reject the proposal, and follow the project management plan.
B. Escalate it to the project sponsor via a change request.
C. Agree to the changes, and arrange for more resources at maintain the schedule.
D. Incorporate the changes, and update the project management plan.
在项目执行阶段中途一名团队成员提出变更建议,能提供更多的灵活性和额外功能。项目需求定义仅需要具有较少灵活性的简单解决方案,而实施这些变更将导致延期。项目经理应该怎么做?
A.拒绝该建议,并遵循项目管理计划。
B.通过变更请求将该问题上报给项目发起人。
C.同意变更,并安排更多的资源来保持进度计划。
D.包含变更,并更新项目管理计划。
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答案:
答案:A
解析:项目范围管理要求做且只做完成项目所需要的全部工作,要按照定义的需求来实施
项目,避免渡金。题干暗示这个不符合需求定义的变更建议是非增值的、镀金的,项目经理应拒绝该建议,不提出变更请求。
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# 2020-04-08
题目:
A project manager identifies that a product can be improved with additional features without
impacting the schedule, budget, or resources. Believing that all original requirements are met with these added features, the project manager does not inform the client to what does this
refer?
A. Scope creep
B. Scope baseline
C. Scope float
D. Scope change
项目经理确定产品可以通过增加额外功能得以改进,但不影响进度、预算或资源。相信这些新增的功能能满足所有原始需求,项目经理没有通知客户。这称为什么?
A.范围蔓延
B.范围基准
C.范围浮动
D.范围变更
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答案:
答案:A
解析:未经批准的范围变更,属于范围蔓延。
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# 2020-04-09
题目:
You are responsible for managing a project that deals with laying out a freeway connecting two major port cities.Progress on the project has been smooth and you and your team are very confident on completing the project well within the stipulated timelines.On reviewing you see that the project has also run below the budget resulting in savings.You decide to add an extra feature of reflector strips on the road every mile.You do a quick calculation and are satisfied that neither budget nor schedule will slip.You feel that by adding these extra features you could also bag some future projects as well.This is an example of :
A. Scope Creep
B. Gold Plating
C. Integrated Change Control
D. Fast Tracking
你负责管理一个项目,该项目涉及布置连接两个主要港口城市的高速公路。项目进展顺利,你和你的团队非常有信心在规定的时间内完成项目。在审核中,你会看到该项目也在预算之下运行,从而节省了成本。你决定在每英里的道路上增加反光条的额外功能。你快速计算了一下,发现预算和时间表都不会因此受到影响,非常满意。你认为通过添加这些额外的功能,也可以为一些未来的项目做个好的标榜。这是属于如下哪个描述的一个例子:
A.范围潜变
B.镀金
C.实施整体变更控制
D.快速跟进
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答案:
参考答案:B
解析:这是镀金的一个例子。C选项实施整体变更控制处理正式批准或拒绝变更,因此它不是正确的答案。D选项快速跟进是一种时间表压缩技术 - 因此它也不是正确的答案。虽然A选项范围潜变与范围的变化有关,但是它与产品或项目范围的不受控制的变化有关,而且往往是由于客户的干涉。这位经理认为,通过增加额外的功能,可以为一些未来的项目做个好的标榜,因此属于镀金。镀金具有目的性,为了让干系人“更满意”。PMI主义反对镀金和范围蔓延。
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# 2020-04-10
题目:
You are in the process of defining activities and have broken down the WBS into individual activities.You now decide to uniquely tag each activity with a unique code.So here what you have done is defined an ___ for each Activity
A. Schedule Network Diagram
B. Activity List
C. Milestone List
D. Activity Identifier
你正在定义活动并已将WBS分解为单独的活动。你现在决定使用唯一的代码标记每个活动。因此,你在这里为每个活动定义了一个______。
A.时间表网络图
B.活动清单
C.里程碑清单
D.活动标识符
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答案:
参考答案:D
解析:问题表明已经决定对每个标识的活动进行唯一标记,这只不过是活动标识符,这是在创建活动列表期间完成的。
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# 2020-04-13
题目:
You are the project manager for a Project. You are updating the WBS during Define Activities, which is often called ________?
A. Refinements
B. Updates
C. Activities
D. Supporting detail
你是项目的项目经理。你是在定义活动期间更新WBS,通常称为________?
A.渐进明细
B.更新
C.活动
D.支持细节
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答案:
参考答案:A
解析:在定义活动期间更新WBS通常称为渐进明细。它一般发生在风险较高的项目中。
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# 2020-04-14
题目:
A network diagram shows that the earliest an activity could start is at the end of week 7 and that it must be completed by the start of week 20. The activity requires a total of 10 business days to complete. In terms of weeks, what is the float for the performance of this activity?
A. 3
B. 10
C. 13
D. 17
网络图显示,某项活动的最早开始时间是在第 7 周结束时,并且必须在第 20 周开始之前完成。这项活动总共需要 10 个工作日完成。那么这项活动绩效的浮动时间是多少周?
A.3
B.10
C.13
D.17
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答案:
答案:B
解析:10个工作日就是2周,第20周开始之前完成就是第19周结束时,因此浮动时间=19-7-2=10周。
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# 2020-04-15
题目:
In a weekly meeting, a project team member reports that they are unaware of what task is
to be performed next, what should the project manager review with the team member?
A. Work breakdown structure (WBS)
B. Project schedule
C. Critical path
D, Milestone list
在一次周会上,项目团队成员报告他们不知道下一步要执行什么任务。项目经理应与团队成员查阅下列哪一项?
A.工作分解结构(WBS)
B.项目进度计划
C.关键路径
D.里程碑清单
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答案:
答案:B
解析:项目进度计划是进度模型的输出,展示活动之间的相互关联,以及计划日期、持续时间、里程碑和所需资源。项目进度计划中至少要包括每个活动的计划开始日期与计划结束日期。项目团队成员的工作是根据项目进度计划进行安排的。B参考答案包括了C与D的内容。
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# 2020-04-16
题目:
You and and your team have just created a schedule network diagram.You have come up with the estimates and have defined the durations and subsequently have identified the Critical Path.You now decide to do a 'Backward Pass' through the Schedule Network Diagram - what would you be calculating ?
A. The Early Start and Early Finish for each activity
B. The Late Start and Late Finish for each activity
C.The duration of the other paths
D. The duration of the critical path
你和你的团队刚刚创建了一个进度网络图。你已经提出了估算并定义了持续时间,随后确定了关键路径。你现在决定通过进度网络图执行“逆推法”,下面哪项是正确的算法?
A.每项活动的最早开始和最早完成
B.每项活动的最晚开始和最晚完成
C.其他路径的持续时间
D.关键路径的持续时间
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答案:
参考答案:B
解析:选项C和D不正确,因为逆推法不用于计算持续时间。事实上,根据持续时间计算关键路径。选项A谈及早期开始和早期完成,这是使用“顺推法”。使用“逆推法”是我们计算进度网络图中所有活动的最晚开始时间和最晚结束时间。
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# 2020-04-17
题目:
A project manager receives an approved project scope based on a cost estimate and begins the
implementation of a new software system. What type of cost estimate was used at implementation'?
A. Parametric
B. Bottom-up
C. Rough order of magnitude (ROM)
D. Analogous
项目经理收到基于成本估算的已批准项目范围,并开始实施新的软件系统。实施时使用的是什么类型的成本估算?
A.参数估算
B.自下而上估算
C.粗略量级估算(ROM)
D.类比估算
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答案:
答案:B
解析:已批准的范围,可以理解为范围基准清楚、基于WBS的估算为自下而上估算。本题中没有看到和参数估算有关的数据与统计类数值,同时也没有体现出粗略量级估算相
关的的信息(-25% ~ +75%),排除C。
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# 2020-04-20
题目:
Rather than use Triangular Distribution while doing Three Point Estimation you choose to use Beta Distribution.Based on your analysis and understanding you are confident that the project would be completed with a total cost of 108,000 $.You also estimate that a best case estimate would be 90000 $ while a worst case scenario would result in the costs incurred to shoot up to 138000 USD. What would the Three point Cost estimate be using Beta Distribution ?
A.112000 $
B.110000 $
C.101000 $
D.None of the above
在进行三点估算时,与使用三角分布相比,你更倾向选择使用Beta分布。基于你的分析和理解,你有信心完成一个总成本为108,000美元的项目。你估计最佳的案例成本估计值是 90000美元,而最坏的情况将导致成本预算高达138000美元的费用。在这种情况下使用Beta分布三点成本估算会有多少呢?
A.112000 $
B.110000 $
C.101000 $
D.以上都不是
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答案:
参考答案:B
解析:问题说明我们应该使用三点估计,使用Beta分布。这个估计方法的公式是4a + b + c / 6,其中a =最可能估计,b =基于最佳案例情况的估计和c =基于最坏情况的估计。所以使用Beta分布的三点估计计算值是(4 * 108000)+ 90000 + 138000/6 = 660000/6 = 110000 $
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# 2020-04-21
题目:
To prepare project forecast information, a project manager performs earned value (EV)
analysis. The project manager identifies that by next month, the schedule variance (SV) and cost
variance (CV) will be negative, and the actual cost (AC) will exceed the baseline cost. What should
the project manager do?
A. Crash the schedule.
B. Use the management reserve.
C. Fast track the schedule.
D. Create a change request.
为了准备项目预测信息,项目经理执行了挣值(EV)分析。项目经理识别到在下个月前,
进度偏差(SV)和成本偏差(CV)将为负数,而实际成本(AC)将超出基准成本PV,项目经
理应该怎么做?
A.赶工。
B.使用管理储备。
C.快速跟进进度计划。
D.创建变更请求。
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答案:
答案:C
解析:进度偏差问题首先要进行进度压缩,赶工或快速跟进(6.6的工具),然后再提出变更请求(6.6的输出)。
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# 2020-04-22
题目:
The Project Quality Management process must __________.
A. Address the quality of the management and product
B. Improve the project management and the quality of the product
C. Ensure that the project satisfies customer requirements
D. All of the above
项目质量管理过程必须__________。
A.解决管理和产品的质量问题
B.改善项目管理和产品质量
C.确保项目满足客户要求
D.以上所有
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答案:
参考答案:D
解析:项目质量管理:解决项目管理和项目产品管理问题,改进项目管理和产品质量,提供高质量的产品,质量检验,都要确保项目满足客户要求。
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# 2020-04-23
题目:
A company's director is concerned with project failure and hires a project manager to
determine where additional funding should be allocated to ensure success. For what activity
should the project manager recommend additional funding?
A. Warranty work
B.Rework
C.Testing
D. Scrap
公司董事担心项目失败,并聘用一名项目经理,以确定应分配额外的资金确保项目成功。
项目经理应建议对哪项活动分配额外资金?
A.保修工作
B.返工
C.测试
D.废料
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答案:
答案:C
解析:本题点在于质量成本。预防胜于检查,测试属于质量成本中的一致性成本,其它三
项都属于非一致性成本。
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# 2020-04-24
题目:
As a project manager you have successfully delivered all project deliverables within stipulated timelines - your senior management wants you to calculate the Cost of Quality - as a project Manager what costs would you NOT consider while making this calculation ?
A. Cost of Hiring.
B. Prevention costs.
C. Appraisal costs.
D. External and InternalFailure costs.
作为项目经理,你已经在规定的时间内成功交付了所有项目可交付成果。你的高级管理层希望你计算质量成本。作为项目经理在进行此计算时,你不会考虑哪些成本?
A.招聘成本。
B.预防费用。
C.评估费用。
D.外部和内部失败成本。
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答案:
参考答案:A
解析:因为招聘成本与质量成本无关。预防和评估成本是项目期间避免失败的支出,而内部和外部失败成本是项目期间和之后产生的成本因为失败。
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# 2020-04-26
题目:
Your team is in its second month of development.You are managing a software development project for a banking product.In one of the team meetings a debate arises if defects found during Quality control need to undergo change control.Some team members are convinced that all defects should undergo change control while the other half is convinced that defects do not need to undergo change control.Which of the following statements are untrue ?
A. Defects to deliverables need to undergo change control
B. Defects to deliverables need not undergo change control
C. Corrective actions need to undergo change control
D. Preventive actions need to undergo change control
你的团队正处于开发的第二个月。你正在管理银行产品的软件开发项目。如果在质量控制过程中发现的缺陷需要进行变更控制,在其中一次团队会议中出现了一场辩论,有些团队成员确信所有缺陷应该进行变更控制,而另一半则认为缺陷不需要进行变更控制。下列哪些陈述是不真实的?
A.缺陷交付物需要经过变更控制
B.缺陷交付物不需要进行变更控制
C.纠正措施需要进行变更控制
D.预防措施需要进行变更控制
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答案:
参考答案:B
解析:针对可交付成果的缺陷,采用纠正措施或预防措施都需要进行变更控制。因此,除了选项B之外,所有上述说明均属实。
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# 2020-04-27
题目:
he release criteria includes:
A. the timing of the release of team members
B. the method in which you will release them
C. Both of the above are true
D. None
遣散标准包括:
A.团队成员遣散的时间
B.你将遣散他们的方法
C.上述两种情况都属实
D.没有
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答案:
参考答案:C
解析:遣散标准包括团队成员遣散的时间以及遣散他们的方法。
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# 2020-04-28
题目:
A project is in the execution phase and performing according to plan. Next month, a critical
activity will start that requires specialized resources. The project manager is satisfied with the
human resource management plan that pre-assigned all required staff. However, the functional
manager now informs the project manager that the resource for this critical activity has resigned.
What should the project manager do?
A. Re-assign the critical activity across the team.
B. Ask the human resource manager to help retain the resource.
C. Update the risk register and schedule an urgent meeting with the project sponsor.
D. Contract a comparably skilled resource
项目处于执行阶段,并按计划执行。下个月,将开始一项需要专门资源的关键活动。项目经理对预先分配所有必要工作人员的人力资源管理规划感到满意。然而,职能经理现在通知项目经理,这项关键活动的资源已经辞职。项目经理应该怎么做?
A.重新分配整个团队的关键活动。
B.要求人力资源经理帮助留住资源。
C.更新风险登记册,并安排与项目发起人召开紧急会议。
D.与同等技能的资源签订合同
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答案:
答案:D
解析:预先安排的组织内部资源不可用,可以与组织外部资源签订合同。
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# 2020-04-29
题目:
A matrix-based organization initiates a project and assigns five engineers to be responsible for different specialized areas;however, the project involves many new areas in which the assigned
engineers are generally lacking expertise. What should the project manager do?
A. Organize relevant training to improve the team's skills.
B. Apply for an exclusive work region so the team can collocate.
C. Use interpersonal skills to improve team cohesiveness
D. Hold regular internal project communication meetings.
公司的组织结构是矩阵式的,在项目启动的时候,管理层分配给该项目 5 个工程师,分别负责项目的不同专业。工程师的工作经验普遍不足,而且该项目涉及了很多新的领域。项目经理该怎么做?
A.组织相关的培训,以提高团队成员的技能。
B.申请项目专有工作区域,让大家集中办公
C.运用人际关系技能,提高团队凝聚力。
D.定期召集项目内部沟通会。
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答案:
答案:A
解析:本题考点在于项目人力资源管理的工具,根据题意,培训作为建设项目团队的工具,
用来提升团队绩效,在此题作为首选。
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# 2020-04-30
题目:
As a project manager , you are trying to improve teamwork, enhance interpersonal skills and competencies, motivated employees, reduced attrition, and improved overall project performance. Which is below process talk about this ?
A. Acquire Resources
B. Develop Team
C. Estimate Activity Resources
D. Control Resources
作为项目经理,你正在努力改善团队合作,提高人际关系技能和能力,激励员工,减少人员流失,并提高整体项目绩效。下面的哪个过程讨论的是以上情况:
A.获取资源
B.建设团队
C.估计活动资源
D.控制资源
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答案:
参考答案:B
解析:开发团队是提高能力,团队成员互动和整体团队环境以提高项目绩效的过程。这一过程的关键好处是可以改善团队合作,增强人际交往技能和能力,激励员工,减少员工流失,提高整体项目绩效。
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