PMP考试每日一题 —— 3月

3/1/2020 PMP每日一题

# 2020-03-01

题目:

A company wants to implement a technological innovation that must be completed by year’s
end. The project manager realizes that the budget is insufficient and well below the industry
average. What should the project manager do?
A. Advise the company to reduce the project’s functional requirements.
B. Ask the company to arrange for a more suitable project manager.
C. Reduce the budgets of other projects to support this project.
D. Look for a vendor willing to work within the specified budget.
公司要实施一项技术创新,必须在今年年底完成。项目经理发现公司给予的预算不足,大大低于行业平均报价。请问项目经理下一步应该怎么做?
A. 建议公司适当削减项目的功能需求。
B. 请求公司重新安排更合适的项目经理。
C. 削减其它项目预算来支持本项目。
D. 寻找一家愿意接受这个低价的实施方。
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答案:

答案:A
解析:根据PMI主义,如果成本与预算发生冲突,首选需要根据既定的预算来调整项目范围。
章节:【1.1.2】 平衡制约因素。
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# 2020-03-02

题目:

A program manager reviews the monthly reports from four project managers.
Project manager A reports a cost variance (CV) of US−150,000andaschedulevariance(SV)ofUS-150,000 and a schedule variance (SV) ofUS−150,000andaschedulevariance(SV)ofUS-30,000.
Project manager B reports a cost performance index (CPI) of 1.08 and a schedule performance
index (SPl) of 1.15.
Project manager C’s report asks to outsource part of the deliverable to complete the project on
time. If outsourcing is used, the variance at completion (VAC) will be US$-400,000. if not, the VAC
will be US50,000.ProjectmanagerDreportsaCVofUS50,000.Project manager D reports a CV of US50,000.ProjectmanagerDreportsaCVofUS-30,000 and an SPI of 0.98.
On which project should the program manager focus?
A. A
B. B
C. C
D. D
项目群经理审查四名项目经理提交的月度报告。
项目经理A报告成本偏差(CV)为-150,000美元,进度偏差(SV)为-30,000 美元。
项目经理B报告成本绩效指数(CPI)为1.08,进度绩效指数(SPI)为1.15。
项目经理C的报告要求外包部分可交付成果,以便按时完成项目。如果使用外包,则完工偏差(VAC)将为-400,000美元。如果没有外包,VAC 将为50,000美元。
项目经理D报告成本偏差为-30,000 美元,进度绩效指数为0.98。
项目群经理应该关注哪一个项目?
A.项目A
B.项目B
C.项目C
D.项目D
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答案:

答案:C
解析:C 项目需要做出自制或外包决策,项目群经理协助项目经理做出决策;ABD都只是讲了单个项目的绩效问题,这个是PM该关注的,但不一定是项目集经理关注的内容。
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# 2020-03-03

题目:

A program manager reviews the monthly reports from four project managers.
Project manager A reports a cost variance (CV) of US−150,000andaschedulevariance(SV)ofUS-150,000 and a schedule variance (SV) ofUS−150,000andaschedulevariance(SV)ofUS-30,000.
Project manager B reports a cost performance index (CPI) of 1.08 and a schedule performance
index (SPl) of 1.15.
Project manager C’s report asks to outsource part of the deliverable to complete the project on
time. If outsourcing is used, the variance at completion (VAC) will be US$-400,000. if not, the VAC
will be US50,000.ProjectmanagerDreportsaCVofUS50,000.Project manager D reports a CV of US50,000.ProjectmanagerDreportsaCVofUS-30,000 and an SPI of 0.98.
On which project should the program manager focus?
A. A
B. B
C. C
D. D
项目群经理审查四名项目经理提交的月度报告。
项目经理A报告成本偏差(CV)为-150,000美元,进度偏差(SV)为-30,000 美元。
项目经理B报告成本绩效指数(CPI)为1.08,进度绩效指数(SPI)为1.15。
项目经理C的报告要求外包部分可交付成果,以便按时完成项目。如果使用外包,则完工偏差(VAC)将为-400,000美元。如果没有外包,VAC 将为50,000美元。
项目经理D报告成本偏差为-30,000 美元,进度绩效指数为0.98。
项目群经理应该关注哪一个项目?
A.项目A
B.项目B
C.项目C
D.项目D
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答案:

答案:C
解析:C 项目需要做出自制或外包决策,项目群经理协助项目经理做出决策;ABD都只是讲了单个项目的绩效问题,这个是PM该关注的,但不一定是项目集经理关注的内容。
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# 2020-03-04

题目:

A project manager estimates the time and price for a client's project. The client, who is the
project manager's close friend, discloses the project's value in a casual meeting. The project
manager realizes that their estimate is below the client's budget.What should the project
manager do?
A. Increase the estimate before submission.
B. Retain the estimate.
C. Request the disclosure of competitors' estimates.
D. Conduct a cost efficiency analysis.
项目经理估算某个客户项目的时间和价格。该客户是项目经理的亲友,在一次休闲聚会中透露了项目价值。项目经理意识到他们的估算低于客户预算,项目经理应该怎么做?
A.提交之前增加估算。
B.保持估算不变。
C.请求透露竞争对手的估算。
D.进行成本效益分析。
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答案:

答案:D
解析:本题题点在于PMI道德与职业规范以及PM的专业性,推荐选择D参考答案,在最终报价前再次进行商业论证(包括成本效益分析),根据分析来进行报价。
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# 2020-03-05

题目:

A project management office (PMO) is presented with three project choices for
implementation.Project A has an internal rate of return (IRR) of 12%, project B has a schedule
performance index (SPI) of 0.8, and project C has a benefit-cost ratio (BCR) of 1:2.
Based on this information, which of the following projects should be pursued?
A. Project B
B. Projects C and B
C. Project A
D. Project C
项目管理办公室(PMO)有三个项目可供选择实施。项目A 的内部收益率(IRR)为12%,项目B 的进度绩效指数(SPI)为0.8,项目C的效益-成本比(BCR)为1:2。根据这个信息,应选择实施下列哪一个项目?
A.项目B
B.项目C和B
C.项目A
D.项目C
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答案:

答案:C
解析:项目B进度延误,项目C的BCR小于1.推荐项目A,内部收益率通常与银行利率相比,高于当期利率即可选。
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# 2020-03-06

题目:

During a project’s testing phase,the project team learns of a software tool that could have
reduced the project’s development effort by 40 days. Where should this be recorded?
A. Procurement documents
B. Project or phase closure documents
C. Lessons learned knowledge base
D. Change log
在项目的测试阶段,项目团队得知一款软件工具能够减少项目的开发工作40 天时间。这些应记录在哪里?
A.采购文件
B.项目或阶段收尾文件
C.经验教训知识库
D.变更日志
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答案:

答案:C
解析:组织过程资产需要及时更新,无需等到项目或阶段结束。无论是团队生成的经验教训还是团队获取的经验教训,都属于经验教训知识库。
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# 2020-03-09

题目:

A full-time project manager retains technicians from other departments for a new project,
However, the technicians complain that their existing workloads are seriously affecting the new
project’s progress. The project manager has the right to arrange for the technicians to make
completion of the new project a priority. What type of organizational structure does this
describe?
A. Strong matrix
B. Balanced matrix
C. Projectized
D. Weak matrix
一位全职项目经理被授权可以调用其他业务部门的技术人员来参与新项目。当技术人员抱怨其本部门业务严重影响了新项目运作时,项目经理有权利协调该技术人员优先完成新项目的工作。该公司属于以下哪个组织?
A.强矩阵型组织
B.平衡矩阵型组织
C.项目型组织
D.弱矩阵型组织
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答案:

答案:A
解析:典型的强矩阵组织特点,对于资源有优先支配权。情境中包含了其他业务部门,说明是矩阵型组织非项目型组织,项目经理有权利协调该技术人员优先完成新项目,说明是强矩阵型组织。
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# 2020-03-10

题目:

You head the engineering department in your company.Lately you have observed that certain deliveries are missing the schedule.On closer scrutiny you observe this to be occurring with a specific team member.You decide to discuss it out with the team member.Initially the team member is reluctant to discuss but finally opens up and indicates that the cause of the delays is often different instructions coming in from you as well as the project manager.She indicates that at such times she is confused related to whose instructions to follow - thereby causing delays - what kind of an Organizational structure is this most likely to be ?
A. Functional
B. Projectized
C. Weak Matrix
D. Balanced Matrix
你是公司的工程部门的负责人,最近你已经注意到某些交付工作没有完成时间表。在仔细研究的时候,你发现这是发生在一个特定的团队成员身上,你决定与团队成员讨论。最初,团队成员不愿意讨论,但最终愿意合作并表明延误的原因通常是来自你和项目经理的不同指示。她指出,在这样的时候,她感到困惑到底遵循谁的指示,从而导致延迟。这样的情况是最有可能是什么样的组织结构?
A.功能型
B.项目型
C.弱矩阵
D.平衡矩阵
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答案:

参考答案:D
解析:在这里,团队成员需要遵循项目经理和职能经理的指示。在职能或项目型组织中,权力的界限是明确定义的。弱矩阵组织更像是一个功能性组织项目经理几乎没有权力。上面解释的情景是一个典型的平衡矩阵组织,权力驻留在职能和项目经理之间平均分配。参考PMBOK47。
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# 2020-03-11

题目:

A client assigns a project manager from a consulting company. What should the project
manager do first?
A. Conduct a kick-off meeting for the client’s employees and the consultants involved in the
project.
B. Contact key customer stakeholders to obtain their input and establish relationships.
C. Ask the consulting company’s resource manager to review available resources.
D. Ensure that the project charter is formally issued.
客户任命一位来自咨询公司的项目经理。项目经理首先应该做什么?
A.为参与项目的客户员工和咨询顾问召开一次项目启动大会。
B.联系关键客户干系人,获得他们的输入并建立关系。
C.要求咨询公司的资源经理审查可用资源。
D.确保正式签发项目章程。
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答案:

答案:D
解析:在ABD三个参考答案中,最优参考答案为D,项目章程的发布是项目正式启动的标志,接下来再做B,再做A。
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# 2020-03-12

题目:

A customer learns that a requirement will not be met unless a task that was not identified
during planning is added to the project. A team fielder successfully executes the task and later
inform the project manager during a weekly meeting. Despite the favorable outcome, the project
manager is unhappy with this information, since the task did not have the necessary approval.
What plan outlines the requirement for approval?
A. Risk management
B. Change management
C. Scope management
D. Cost management
客户意识到除非在项目中添加一项在规划期间未识别到的任务,否则将不满足要求。团队成员成功执行了这项任务,并在之后的一次周会上通知项目经理。即使是有利的结果,但项目经理对这个信息感到不满,因为任务没有得到必要的批准。哪一份计划概述了批准要求?
A.风险管理
B.变更管理
C.范围管理
D.成本管理
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答案:

答案:B
解析:变更管理计划将对如何变更做出详细规定。
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# 2020-03-13

题目:

What is the BEST use of a Work Authorization System ?
A. It manages the timing and sequence of when activities need to be performed
B. It manages who performs the activity
C. It identifies the resources needed to complete activities
D. It is used for comparing actual work against the baselines
工作授权系统的最佳用途是什么?
A.它管理需要执行活动的时间和顺序
B.它管理谁来执行这项活动
C.它确定完成活动所需的资源
D.它用于比较实际工作与基线
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答案:

参考答案:A
解析:它定义了如何授权工作以及如何在正确的时间和正确的顺序完成工作。选项B不正确,因为执行工作的人来自责任分配矩阵,选项C也不是正确答案。选项D与监督和控制工作绩效数据有关,而工作授权系统没有涵盖。参考PMBOK39
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# 2020-03-16

题目:

You are in charge of managing a software development project which is related to simulations for driving racing cars.In one of your team meetings - it has been reported that a lot of issues have been reported in the air tunnel modelling module.On deeper analysis - it is found that many of the issues could have been prevented had a simple code review checklist been used.You prepare a code review checklist and ensure the code is reviewed as per the checklist.This is a good example of :
A. Corrective Action
B. Preventive Action
C. Defect Repair
D. Quality Control
你负责管理与驾驶赛车模拟相关的软件开发项目。在你的一次团队会议中 - 据报道,在空气隧道建模模块中报告了很多问题。进一步分析发现只要使用简单的代码审查清单就可以避免许多问题。你准备了代码审查清单,并确保代码按照清单进行审查。这是一个很好的示例:
A.纠正措施
B.预防性行动
C.缺陷修复
D.质量控制
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答案:

参考答案:A
解析:这个问题是为了测试你对纠正措施和预防措施之间的区别的理解。缺陷修复适用于当前交付中发现的问题,这也不是关于质量控制。所以使我们只有两种选择 :纠正或预防措施。而预防措施之前不会出现不符合。预防措施总是采取积极主动,在所述问题没有任何示范采取积极措施,因此这不是预防措施的一个例子。所以正确的答案是选项A纠正措施。参考PMBOK96。
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# 2020-03-17

题目:

During project implementation, the project manager discovers that a team member has used
open source software. This is a violation of company regulations and will seriously affect the
project’s release.What should the project manager do?
A. Execute the risk management plan.
B. Remove the team member.
C. Log the risk in the risk register.
D. Submit a change request to delete the open source software.
项目经理在项目执行过程中发现团队成员违规使用开源软件,违反公司规章并且将严重影响项目的发布。这时候项目经理应该如何处理?
A.执行风险管理计划。
B.开除该成员。
C.在风险登记册中记录该风险。
D.提交变更请求,删除使用的开源软件。
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答案:

答案:D
解析:纠正措施属于变更,需要提交变更请求。
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# 2020-03-18

题目:

You are a project manager of a company and your project is currently in execution phase.The customer has requested you for additional work. This work will affect the budget, but not the schedule of the project. What should you do next?
A. Add the additional requirements to the project plan.
B. Ignore the request.
C. Explain the change procedure and ask to submit a request for change.
D. Discuss with the project team about the change.
你是公司的项目经理,你的项目目前处于执行阶段。客户已要求你进行其他工作。这项工作将影响预算,但不会影响项目的进度。接下来你应该做什么?
A.将额外要求添加到项目计划中。
B.忽略请求。
C.解释变更程序并要求提交变更请求。
D.与项目团队讨论变更。
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答案:

参考答案:C
解析:客户提出的其他工作会影响预算,虽然不会影响进度,也要通过变更流程来采取对应措施,因此解释变更程序并要求提交变更请求是最佳选择。
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# 2020-03-19

题目:

A new mobile application is in the integration testing phase. To maintain competitive
advantage in an aggressive market, the product manager requests the inclusion of a new feature.
The project manager disagrees with this. What should the project manager do?
A. Immediately implement the new feature to minimize schedule impact.
B. Refuse to implement the feature to minimize time-to-market impact.
C. Prepare and submit a change request to the change control board (CCB).
D. Review the request and obtain project sponsor approval.
一个新的移动应用程序正处于集成测试阶段。为了在激进的市场中保持竞争优势,产品经理要求包含一项新功能。项目经理不同意。项目经理应该怎么做?
A.立即实施新功能,尽可能减少进度影响。
B.拒绝实施该功能,尽可能减少对投入市场时间的影响。
C.准备并向变更控制委员会(CCB)提交一份变更请求。
D.审查请求并获得项目发起人的批准。
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答案:

答案:C
解析:无论项目经理自身是否同意变更,都需要通过正式的变更控制流程来处理,范围基准变更通常由CCB来决定,项目经理通常是CCB的成员之一。
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# 2020-03-20

题目:

During a project’s construction phase, the customer submits an important change that will
affect the budget and schedule. What should the project manager do?
A. Review the change management plan and proceed according to its requirements.
B. Ask the supervisor for instructions on how to proceed.
C. Implement the change and report it to the supervisor.
D. Ask the customer to withdraw the request to avoid affecting the budget and schedule.
项目进入了施工阶段。这个时候客户提出了一项重要变更,这将会改变项目的预算及进
度。作为项目经理将如何处理这个问题?
A.查阅项目变更管理计划,根据其要求执行。
B.将变更情况向主管汇报,根据主管的批示执行。
C.按照客户的要求进行变更修改,并向主管汇报变更情况。
D.说服客户不要进行变更,避免带来巨大的损失
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答案:

答案:A
解析:参照变更管理计划中将对于变更管理的要求进行处理,是正确的。B 参考答案中,主管不能决定涉及基准的变更;C 和 D 明显不对。
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# 2020-03-23

题目:

Four months after the approval of the project scope, the client requests features that will
generate changes to the project management plan, what should the project manager do next?
A. Work on the customer's request after completion of the project.
B. Proceed with changes if contingency is available.
C. Process a change request.
D. Consult the risk register to identify a solution.
在项目范围获批四个月后,客户请求增加功能,但该请求将可能对项目管理计划产生变更。项目经理下一步应该怎么做?
A.在项目完工之后处理客户的请求。
B.如有应急计划,则进行变更。
C.处理变更请求
D.查阅风险登记册,确定解决方案。
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答案:

答案:C
解析:对于客户提出的变更,按照变更管理要求进行处理。
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# 2020-03-24

题目:

To achieve competitive market advantage, a project sponsor requests delivery of a product three months ahead of schedule. What should the project manger do next?
A. Implement overall change control.
B. Update the project management plan.
C. Exert influence on the factors that led to the schedule change.
D. Submit a change request.
因为新产品的早发布有利于先于竞争对手抢占市场,项目发起人要求交付时间提早三个月。项目经理接下来应该怎么做?
A.实施整体变更控制。
B.更新项目管理计划。
C.对引起进度变更的因素施加影响。
D.提出变更请求。
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答案:

答案:A
解析:在参考答案A与BCD之间,推荐A参考答案,整体变更控制的全流程包括B、C、D答案。
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# 2020-03-25

题目:

A software project is undergoing testing during the final user acceptance stage, and
acceptance is anticipated by the next day. A user unexpectedly realizes that a new feature is
required to run the current software. The user tells the developer that it must be completed by
the next day or it will not be approved. The developer believes that two days are required to
complete this feature. What should the project manager do?
A. Refuse to develop the feature, as it is out of scope.
B. Ask the user to submit a written change request, and obtain permission from the customer's
project manager.
C. Work overtime and revise the software in order to ensure timely project approval.
D. Perform an analysis with the developer to determine a workaround.
一个软件项目已在最后的用户接收阶段测试中,按照计划明天就要验收。用户突然发现必须要有一个新功能才能使目前的软件往下运行,用户告诉开发人员,必须要明天完成,否则拒绝验收这个软件项目。软件开发人员觉得需要2 天时间才能开发完这个功能。项目经理应该怎么做?
A 拒绝开发,因为这是新功能要求,不在项目范围之内。
B.要求用户书面提交变更请求,并得到客户方项目经理的批准。
C.加班修改软件来保证明天的项目验收。
D.和开发人员一起分析,找变通方案来解决当前问题。
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答案:

答案:B
解析:按照标准的变更程序来推进。
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# 2020-03-26

题目:

At the last minute, a project team implements a new feature that is not included in the scope
statement. To obtain customer approval, what process should the project manager implement
next?
A. Plan Scope Management
B. Validate Scope
C. Perform Integrated Change Control
D. Perform Qualitative Risk Analysis
在最后一刻,项目团队实施了范围说明书中未包含的新功能。若要获得客户的批准,项目经理下一步应执行哪个过程?
A. 制定范围管理计划
B. 核实范围
C. 执行整体变更控制
D. 执行定性风险分析
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答案:

答案:C
解析:得到客户的批准,正确的做法就是通过整体变更控制,也是四个选项中最好的参考答案。
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# 2020-03-27

题目:

John is managing a project.The project is about three fourths done when the site engineer reports that due to inherent complexities in a certain task the deliverables would get delayed.This would involve additional analysis and then implementation.He requests that this new work that was not envisioned earlier be added to the scope and also the time required be added to the schedule.You and the site engineer have analyzed the impact of this change to cost, and have written up a change request and requested approval from change control board.Just today you have received approval from the change control board - what should be the imemdiate course of action ?
A. Start work immediately
B. Ascertain the impact of this change to scope , schedule and cost before making any change.
C. Perform Quality Assurance
D. Make sure that the scope baseline and schedule baseline are updated to reflect the approved change before implementing the change.
约翰正在管理一个项目。当项目工程师报告说,由于某些任务的内在复杂性,可交付成果会被延迟,项目大约有四分之三完成。这将涉及到额外的分析和实施。他要求这项新工作是以前没有预想的,并将被添加到范围内,而且还需要将时间添加到日程表中。你和现场工程师已经分析了此变更对成本的影响,并且写下了变更请求并要求变更控制委员会批准。今天你已经收到变更控制委员会的批准 - 应该采取什么样的行动?
A.立即开始工作
B.在作出任何改变之前确定这种变化对范围,时间表和成本的影响。
C.执行质量保证
D.确保在实施更改之前更新范围基线和时间表基准以反映批准的更改。
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答案:

参考答案:D
解析:由于更改已获得批准,因此在实施更改之前,应先更新基准(此例中为范围和时间表基准)。
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# 2020-03-30

题目:

Midway through a project with a 12-month contract, written notice is unexpectedly received
from the customer requesting transfer of the project to a competitor, what should the project
manager do?
A. Ask company management for assistance.
B. Initiate project closure.
C. Review the project charter.
D. Review the terms of the signed customer contract.
A公司承接了一个为期 12个月的合同。当项目进行到一半的时候,突然接到客户的书面通知将项目转移给竞争公司B。这个时候A公司的项目经理下一步应该做什么?
A. 请求公司管理层的协助。
B. 启动项目收尾工作。
C. 查看项目章程中的相关规定。
D. 查看与客户签署的合同条款。
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答案:

答案:D
解析:在请示管理层的协助,启动收尾之前,需要查阅合同中的相关规定。
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# 2020-03-31

题目:

A project is near closure, and the developer has finished product development. The project
sponsor now wants the project manager to deliver the product ahead of schedule. What should
the project manager do?
A. Ask the sponsor to withdraw the request.
B. Hold a stakeholder meeting.
C. Deliver the product as originally scheduled.
D. Have the developer start project wrap-up activities, and prepare to deliver ahead of
schedule.
项目接近尾声,开发人员也已完成了产品的开发。项目发起人要求项目经理提前向客户交付该产品。项目经理应该怎么做?
A.找项目发起人谈话试图说服他收回请求。
B.召开干系人会议。
C.仍按原计划发布产品。
D.让开发人员展开项目的收尾工作,准备提前交付。
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答案:

答案:D
解析:项目已经完成项目产品需求,可以进行提前收尾,PMI关于项目收尾的管理要求。
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